DATA MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND IMPACT ON PRINCIPALS’ RECORDKEEPING: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF PUBLIC SECONDARYSCHOOLS IN THE IKOM EDUCATION ZONE, CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA

Abstract

This study examined the practices of data collection, storage, security, backup, and utilization in selected
Secondary Schools, with a view to identifying challenges and opportunities for improved data-driven
governance. Anchored on the Information Governance Theory, the research employed a descriptive survey
design, targeting administrators, data officers, and ICT staff. A structured questionnaire was administered
to 112 respondents, yielding a response rate of 92%. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and
correlation models. Findings revealed that while most institutions have adopted digital platforms for data
collection and storage, significant gaps remain in backup strategies and data security protocols. Weak
encryption systems, irregular updates, and lack of staff training were found to undermine data integrity
and organizational resilience. Furthermore, the study established a strong positive relationship between
effective data management practices and decision-making (r = 0.71, p < 0.01). Secondary Schools with
robust data security and backup systems demonstrated higher levels of transparency, accountability, and
responsiveness in service delivery. The study concluded that without structured data governance policies,
institutions risk inefficiencies, data breaches, and poor accountability outcomes. It recommended the
adoption of standardized data management frameworks, continuous staff training, investment in secure
backup technologies, and integration of data analytics into institutional planning processes. The findings
contributed to the growing body of empirical research on data governance in Nigerian contexts and provide
actionable insights for policymakers, educational leaders, and ICT managers committed to harnessing data
as a strategic asset